Many thyroid patients ask me what they should pay attention to in terms of diet during their consultation. First of all, we need to clarify the cause and classification of thyroid nodules and adopt a diet according to the different conditions of thyroid nodules. In case of Graves’ hyperthyroidism with thyroid nodules, a strict iodine avoidance diet is required, iodine-free salt should be consumed and seafood such as kelp, seaweed and sea fish should be banned. If the nodule is a high-functioning adenoma that can secrete thyroid hormone, iodine should be strictly avoided because iodine is one of the raw materials for thyroid hormone synthesis, and iodine intake will also increase the synthesis of thyroid hormone and worsen the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. If it is a non-functioning nodule, which means it has no effect on thyroid function, there is no need to avoid iodine in the diet. It is recommended to consume less food such as radish and cabbage, as current studies have found that these two foods promote the growth of thyroid nodules.