Astigmatism is a very common refractive error caused by irregularities in corneal development, most of which are congenital. If a child has astigmatism, he or she will need to be fitted with either frames or rigid corneal contact lenses (RGP), depending on the circumstances. If the patient is too young to cooperate with the use of rigid corneal contact lenses, then the only option is to wear appropriate frame glasses after dilated eye examinations. After wearing frame glasses, regular review is required, approximately every six months. If the patient is older, it is recommended that he or she should first choose to wear rigid corneal contact lenses, because such glasses can control the further development of the prescription in addition to correcting astigmatism, while frame glasses do not have this role. As mentioned earlier, most astigmatism is caused by congenital irregularities in the cornea, while some astigmatism is acquired later in life, such as corneal trauma and some corneal lesions that leave scars on the cornea after treatment, causing changes in the shape of the cornea and thus causing astigmatism. In this case, the first step is to determine the refractive error, improve the corneal topography, evaluate the shape and regularity of the corneal surface, and see if it can be corrected with frame glasses or rigid corneal contact lenses, and if not, opt for surgery, depending on the situation. If you can cooperate with surgery, you can choose PTK surgery, which is the use of excimer laser to cut the spots on the corneal surface; if the corneal lesions are more serious and cannot be treated with excimer laser, surgical treatment can be performed under general anesthesia to surgically remove the diseased tissue or to perform corneal transplantation. In summary, the treatment of astigmatism requires a comprehensive judgment of age, the specific degree of astigmatism and the cause of astigmatism. If a child has astigmatism, the first step is to get glasses according to the results of the astigmatism test, and depending on the age of the child, either frame glasses or rigid corneal contact lenses can be used. If the astigmatism is caused by keratoconus, it is necessary to actively treat the keratoconus, and if the keratoconus can be fully recovered, the astigmatism will disappear as well.