Diarrhea in children is the most common clinical condition. When boiled down, there are several main causes of diarrhea in children. Infectious factors Common infectious factors include viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites and so on. The most common thing is viral infection, such as rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, etc. The typical performance is vomiting, diarrhea, accompanied by different degrees of fever, usually vomiting first and then diarrhea, the course of the disease in about 5-7 days. Treatment is mainly symptomatic treatment, oral montelukast astringent diarrhea, probiotics to regulate intestinal flora, oral rehydration salts to correct or prevent dehydration, if severe dehydration requires intravenous rehydration. The typical manifestation of bacterial infection is mucus stool, or mucus and blood stool, mostly accompanied by fever, stool routine can be seen white blood cells, stool culture can detect the pathogenic bacteria, treatment on the basis of symptomatic support, according to the results of drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria selection of appropriate antibiotics. (Note: Unless it is a bacterial infection, do not abuse antibiotics for other causes of diarrhea, otherwise it will cause intestinal flora disorder and aggravate diarrhea.) Fungi and parasites are relatively rare, so usually pay attention to dietary hygiene and strengthen the child’s resistance. Dietary factors Since the digestive function of infants and young children is not yet perfect, improper diet can also easily cause diarrhea, such as adding supplementary food too early, food that is too greasy, food that is too cold, overeating, etc. Food intolerance The most common ones are milk protein allergy and lactose intolerance Milk protein allergy refers to diarrhea caused by children’s allergy to protein in milk, which generally manifests itself as an increase in the number of stools, thin stools, blood in the stools, and recurrent vomiting, and some children may have skin and respiratory symptoms such as skin eczema and recurrent asthma attacks, and in severe cases, there may be no weight gain or even weight loss. The main treatment is to avoid protein diet, such as milk, eggs, beans, nuts, peanuts, shellfish, etc. Mothers of exclusively breastfed children should also avoid them. If the effect of simple avoidance is not obvious, consider using hydrolyzed milk powder. Hydrolyzed milk powder can be divided into amino acid milk powder, deeply hydrolyzed milk powder and moderately hydrolyzed milk powder according to the degree of hydrolysis, and different hydrolyzed milk powder can be chosen according to the degree of allergy of the child. The course of treatment is usually 6-9 months, after which the child is slowly switched to milk. Lactose intolerance refers to a child’s inability to digest lactose in food due to the lack of lactase, and the undigested lactose ferments in the intestines, resulting in more frequent stools and frothy and sour-smelling stools. The diagnosis can be confirmed by testing stool or urinary galactose. Treatment is mainly lactase supplementation or switching to lactose-free formula. In summary: these are the most common causes of diarrhea in infants and children. If your child has diarrhea, the first thing to do is to record the number, amount and shape of the stool and inform the doctor accurately, or leave a photo; the main thing to do in the treatment of diarrhea is to clarify the cause, so if parents cannot accurately determine the cause, it is best to seek medical attention as soon as possible, under the guidance of a doctor.