Short stature is a common clinical symptom in pediatrics, and growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) is one of its causes. Since the introduction of recombinant human GH (r-hGH) in the 1980s, r-hGH has been widely used in foreign countries to treat GHD, and has achieved certain efficacy. In this paper, we observed the efficacy of domestic r-hGH in the treatment of GHD and the changes of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) during the treatment with r-hGH. (1) Clinical data (1) There were 32 children with GHD, 18 males and 14 females, aged 6 to 13 years old. The inclusion criteria were as follows: height below -2SD of the average height of children of the same age and sex; growth rate (GV) < 4cm/year; bone age more than 2 years behind the actual age (applying Greulich and Pyle criteria); all of them were in the pre-pubertal stage (Tanner staging Ⅰ); clinical exclusion of hereditary disease and chromosomal aberrations; normal serum T3, T4, T SH; two GH drug stimulation tests (T4, T4 and T SH); and normal serum T3, T4, T4 and T SH. Serum T3, T4 and T SH were normal; serum GH peak was lower than 10g/L in two GH drug stimulation tests (kolonin, levodopa or insulin hypoglycemia test). (2) Drug treatment All 32 cases of GHD were treated with 0.1U I/(kg・d) of domestically produced rhGH, subcutaneously injected at bedtime for a period of more than 6 months. (3) Methods of follow-up Measurements of height, weight and bone age were taken before and 3 and 6 months after treatment, and the secondary sexual characteristics and local reactions at the injection site were observed to calculate the growth rate of height. Blood was collected at 8:00 a.m., and serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were measured by non-competitive immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), and T3, T4, and TSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. (4) Statistical treatment: The difference between the two means was determined by the paired t-test, and the relationship between the two variables was analyzed by linear correlation analysis. Discussion The present observation shows that at 6 months of GHD treatment with domestic r-hGH, the growth rate of the children increased significantly, and the recent efficacy of the treatment was not significantly different from that of imported r-hGH, and there were no obvious side effects, suggesting that domestic r-hGH is safe and effective in the treatment of children's GHD. The diagnosis of GHD in children is still controversial, and the traditional GH stimulation test has many defects, such as not being able to reflect the GH secretion under physiological conditions, and the problems of false-positive and false-negative, etc. Many people have proposed to detect serum IGH secretion in children. Many people have proposed that the detection of serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 is helpful for the diagnosis of GHD. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are both dependent on GH, in which IGF-1 is the main mediator of GH exerting growth-promoting effects and plays a feedback regulation role in GH secretion; IGFBP-3 is not only a storage protein of IGF-1 and a transport protein in the blood circulation, but also reflects the total level of IGF in vivo and the strength of its role in regulating IGF, and it plays an extremely important role in the axis of GH-IGF, and is also an important way to observe the human body's GHD and its GH-IGF secretion. In addition, it can reflect the total level of IGF and the regulation of IGF, which plays an important role in the GH-IGF axis, and is also an important biochemical indicator for observing the growth of the human body.In GHD patients lacking functional GH, IGF-1 is significantly reduced, and its binding protein is correspondingly low. The present observation found that the concentrations of serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 before treatment were significantly and positively correlated with GV 0, suggesting that the detection of serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 is of great value for the diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation of GHD. Compared with GH secretion, IGF is non-pulsatile secretion, and IGFBP-3 is more stable, thus its clinical application is more valuable and worth promoting. In addition, serum IGF-1 concentration showed a significant negative correlation with GV6 before treatment, and IGFBP-3 showed a significant positive correlation with GV6 at 3 months after treatment, indicating that the detection of serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 is of some value in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of r-hGH.