Congenital heart disease is an abnormality in the development of the heart and large blood vessels during the embryonic period, also known as congenital cardiac malformation. During the embryonic development (within the first 2-3 months of pregnancy), local anatomical abnormalities caused by the formation of the heart and large blood vessels, or the failure to close channels that should close automatically after birth (which is normal in the fetus) are called congenital heart disease. Except for individual children (such as small ventricular septal defects) who have a chance of self-healing, the vast majority of them need surgical treatment. The main clinical manifestations are cardiac insufficiency, cyanosis, and dysplasia. Congenital heart disease is one of the common congenital anomalies in children, and children with severe anomalies die weeks or months after birth, with an incidence of 6‰ to 12‰. Congenital heart disease can be clinically divided into two major categories: 1. Non-cyanotic precocious heart disease: children usually do not have cyanotic manifestations, and are usually seen during physical examination when a heart murmur is detected. For example: arteriovenous ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, partial pulmonary vein ectopic drainage, etc. 2, cyanotic preconditioning: children with cyanosis immediately or gradually after birth, the most common ones such as tetralogy of Fallot. In recent years, pediatric cardiac surgery has developed rapidly, and several large pediatric cardiac surgery centers in China (Beijing Fu Wai Cardiovascular Hospital, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Zhejiang University Children’s Hospital Cardiothoracic Surgery, Guangdong Heart Institute, etc.) are at or near the international leading level, but there are still large differences in the understanding of congenital heart disease, and there are still differences between different centers and different regions, so it is necessary to conduct standardized management of children with congenital heart disease. It is necessary to discuss the standardized management of children with congenital heart disease, which is beneficial to the standardized development of pediatric cardiac surgery in China. In this paper, we will provide some management experience from the perspective of a pediatric cardiac surgeon and provide scientific education to discuss how to better manage children with congenital heart disease (in-hospital and out-of-hospital) and improve clinical outcomes, so as to effectively improve the prognosis of congenital heart disease.