The etiology of pediatric cerebral hemorrhage can be single or may be due to a combination of etiologies, commonly due to intracranial hemorrhage caused by craniocerebral trauma, neonatal birth injury, and hypoxia. Thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, leukemia, brain tumors, cerebrovascular malformations, and late-onset vitamin K deficiency also often result, as follows: 1. Cerebrovascular malformations: one of the common causes of neonatal hemorrhage, which can be classified as congenital, infectious, or traumatic; 2. Hematologic diseases: an important cause of pediatric cerebrovascular disease. Pediatric cerebral hemorrhage may occur in 2.2%-7.4% of children with hemophilia; neonatal hemorrhage occurs in about 10% of cases of pediatric idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Others, such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, diffuse intravascular coagulation, coagulation dysfunction and other blood disorders, as well as complications of anticoagulation therapy, can occur neonatal hemorrhage; 3. Birth injury and hypoxia: the former is gradually decreasing, and the factors of hypoxia have a tendency to increase, including up to 40%-50% in immature children with less than 34 weeks of pregnancy and birth weight less than 1500 grams; 4. Others: Some pediatric cerebral hemorrhage has an unclear cause, called pediatric idiopathic cerebral hemorrhage.