What is the ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest orthopedic plate and technique?

  Steel plate: The steel plate adopts the ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest orthopedic steel plate with independent intellectual property rights (designed by Li Guoqing and Mei Ju), which is divided into two models according to the thickness and width of the steel plate. Smaller plates are used for children and larger plates are used for adolescents. The steel plates are designed in a specific curved shape with 15 specifications from 12-26 cm in length, i.e., 1 cm difference between each plate instead of 1 inch for imported plates.  Spacers: A variety of different spacers are available to correspond to different types of funnel chest.  Procedure: The patient is placed in a flat position, and an incision of approximately 1.5-2.cm in length is made on each side of the anterior axillary line, deeper than the periosteum of the ribs, and separated along the extraperiosteal space towards the sternum to the highest point of the thorax, which is at the same level as the lowest point of the sternum. A thoracoscope was placed in the 8th intercostal space in the mid-axillary line for guidance. The guide head of the steel plate with guide is entered from the right side gap, from the highest point of the intercostal space into the right chest, from the lowest point of the sternum posteriorly through the mediastinum, and from the highest point of the left side intercostal space through the chest wall (the second highest point is also on the same level as the lowest point of the sternum), and the guide is led out along the left side gap and left incision for chest wall shaping, the guide head on the ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest orthopedic steel plate is removed, the fixation sheet is attached, and the fixation screws are put on. The fixation plates were fixed to the chest wall muscle with one stitch each, and the muscle, subcutaneous and skin were sutured.  Results: Good orthopedic results were obtained in 240 cases of various types of funnel chest.  Conclusion: Ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest correction surgery has the advantages of no intraoperative processing of the plate, safer and easier installation and removal of the plate, no restriction on the growth and development of the chest wall of the child, less surgical damage, less postoperative pain and shorter operation time, the patient can lie on his side after surgery, and fewer complications than traditional surgery.  The existing Nuss procedure has the following disadvantages: the support point of the gravity of the steel plate is on the intercostal muscle, the support is not strong enough, the steel plate is easy to sink, which affects the correction effect, especially in older and recurrent patients, and sometimes causes tearing of the intercostal muscle.  Steel plates with curvature restrict the growth and development of the chest wall and can even cause local rib fractures.  Steel plates need to be turned over with violence during the installation process, which causes a lot of damage to the tissues.  The fixation plate only plays a certain role of anti-flipping, but has no supporting role. Moreover, the installation and removal of the fixation plate are difficult.  The steel plate has to be made on site, and the human error is large and technically difficult, and there is a lot of labor and equipment to be sterilized. The steel plate used is limited (not too wide, too thick), and repeated bending of the plate can easily cause damage to the plate.  The surgical operation is relatively complex and lasts for a long time.  The skin incision, subcutaneous tunnel and muscle tunnel are long, and the damage is large.  The curved plate through the mediastinum causes large mediastinal injury and is prone to bleeding and contralateral pneumothorax.9. Patients cannot be turned after traditional surgery, and patients cannot lie on their sides for 3 months.  The damage is great, the pain is heavy and the pain lasts for a long time.  The steel plate is all imported, high cost and high cost.  Ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest correction orthopedic steel plate and surgery Based on the collection of a large amount of clinical data, a computer-aided design of orthopedic steel plate with specific curvature has been developed, making it possible to factory produce orthopedic steel plate without reworking.  Fixation plate: The lower edge of the fixation plate has a curved protrusion, which directly transfers the force point of the plate from the intercostal muscle to the upper and lower ribs, so that our patients have less postoperative pain and there is no problem of sinking or turning of the plate. One side of the fixation piece has become one with the steel plate, and the other fixation piece can be directly snapped to the steel plate, so that the operation time is greatly shortened Guide head: can be snapped to one end of the steel plate, and can be removed after guiding the steel plate into place, and the installation is completed by snapping on another fixation piece.  Spacer: There are two types of spacers: thickened spacer and widened spacer. If the steel plate needs to be elevated on one or both sides, thicker shims can be used on one or both sides; if the length of the fixed plate on one or both sides is not long enough to make the steel plate on the upper and lower ribs, longer shims can be used on one or both sides.  Incision: parallel to the anterior axillary line, 1/3 smaller than the traditional surgical incision, with more than half of the muscle and subcutaneous tunnel shortened and no dead space.  Support point of the steel plate: in the anterior chest wall, not involving the lateral chest wall, mainly by the rib cage.  Installation and disassembly: both installation and disassembly are pull-out type, both without turning the steel plate.  The advantages of minimally invasive funnel chest correction surgery are summarized as follows: No flipping: the plate does not need to be flipped in the body to avoid huge lacerations of the soft tissues of the chest wall.  Less damage: The pull-out type of plate loading and unloading makes loading and unloading easier, and there is no angle when the plate passes through the mediastinum behind the sternum, which causes minimal damage to the mediastinum and is less likely to cause complications such as mediastinal bleeding and contralateral pneumothorax.  Precise: the fixed part is more precise, and the length of the plate can be selected to 1cm precisely, which makes the operation better.  High quality of steel plate: the design of curved steel plate replaces the significant difference in quality and damage to the steel plate caused by the secondary processing of straight steel plate during surgery. The platform design of the curved top of the steel plate and the grid-like polishing increase the contact area and friction between the steel plate and the sternum, resulting in better stability.  Personalized treatment: The degree of sternal elevation is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the fixation plate, and there are many different sizes of fixation plates available to correspond to different types of funnel chest, in order to truly provide individualized treatment and better correction for asymmetric funnel chest.  Strong and stable steel plate support: The steel plate is mainly supported by the ribs, which will not cause tearing of the intercostal muscles and displacement and flipping of the steel plate.  No restriction on growth and development: The support point of the steel plate is in the anterior chest wall, and the lower edge of the fixed plate is curved, so it does not restrict the growth and development of the ribs and chest wall below it. As the child grows, the fixation plate is closer to the highest point of the bilateral ribs, which provides better lifting effect on the sternum, thus the plate can be stored in the body for a longer time and achieve better results.  Less pain: The patient can lie on his or her side after surgery, and the postoperative pain is less severe and lasts for a shorter period of time.  The operation time can be significantly shorter than before.  More perfect chest shape: Minimally invasive funnel chest correction is to install the plate under direct lumpectomy guidance, which ensures that the plate is positioned at the lowest point of the sternal depression, while the conventional surgery is to position the plate at the lowest possible point by flipping the plate, so it is more blind and less precise. In addition, the ultra-minimally invasive funnel chest treatment plate does not restrict the growth and development of the chest, so that the chest wall can grow and develop in a natural condition, forming a natural and perfect chest shape.