Iron deficiency anemia is the most common clinical anemia, with a prevalence of about 10% among adolescents and women of childbearing age. Adolescents often grow rapidly and require more iron in their bodies, and insufficient intake of iron-containing substances due to partial eating or dieting leads to a negative iron balance and iron deficiency anemia. Women of childbearing age are prone to anemia because of excessive menstruation, short menstrual cycles, or combined with uterine fibroids, which cause more iron loss than intake over a long period of time. Another group of people to pay attention to is elderly patients with anemia, who should be alert to blood loss in the gastrointestinal tract caused by digestive system tumors and polyps. Be sure to check stool occult blood and serum tumor markers, and gastroscopy if necessary, for early detection of lesions and active treatment.