High blood pressure can be specifically categorized into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, which are generally treated by lifestyle intervention, medication and treatment of primary disease.
1. Lifestyle intervention: appropriate physical exercise, weight control, light diet, avoid high oil and high fat food intake, reduce sodium intake, no more than 6g per person per day, and relax, maintain a balanced state of mind, and avoid emotional over-excitement and excessive fluctuations.
2. Medication: Currently commonly used antihypertensive drugs can be summarized into five categories, including diuretics (such as furosemide, etc.), β-receptor antagonists (such as metoprolol, etc.), calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine, etc.), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (such as captopril), and angiotensin receptor antagonists (such as valsartan, etc.).
3. Treatment of primary disease: secondary hypertension is often secondary to sleep apnea and hypoventilation syndrome, renal artery stenosis and primary waking up ketosis, anemia, hyperthyroidism, etc., should actively treat the primary disease, can be used to lower blood pressure or surgical resection of lesions.
High blood pressure should be timely to the hospital, repeated measurements of blood pressure, medication should follow the doctor’s instructions, advocating individualized medication program.