What is stereotactic neurosurgery for cerebral palsy?

  Stereotactic neurosurgery can improve symptoms such as rigidity, choreoathetosis and tremor. A CT scan of the head is performed to produce an image of the brain. The coordinates of the area to be treated are transferred into a stereoscopic frame. The frame acts as a map to guide the electrodes to the target area of the brain. Electric currents are sent through the electrodes to the targeted area of brain tissue to alter its cellular function. Stereotactic neurosurgery is used to ease the management of abnormal movements. Thus, the surgery is directed at the symptoms rather than the disease itself.  Depending on the part of the body that needs improvement, the surgeon knows which point in the brain needs to be altered to achieve the goal; that is, the target point. This is a three-dimensional technique of neurosurgery. It involves doing an X-ray (or other imaging) to construct a map of the brain structure. The matching relevant structures are then transferred into a three-dimensional frame, which will guide the electrodes to the exact location. In most cases, the procedure is performed under local anesthesia. This of course depends on the condition of the patient. The stereotactic frame is fixed to the skull and the electrodes are placed through a drilled hole. When a small electric current is intermittently applied, the surgeon knows the exact position of the electrode in the brain by observing the patient’s reaction. Once the target is identified, the electrode sends a greater current to alter the brain cells at the target site.