In the clinic work, often encounter a lot of female patients, because the partner is infected with HPV, or partner suffering from condyloma acuminata, consulting HPV infection, and many patients because of the discovery of their own HPV infection, panic, not only mental tension, and treatment everywhere, so I want to do some explanation of this issue. HPV is a human papillomavirus, there are more than 200 subtypes, according to its carcinogenicity or not is divided into low-risk and high-risk types, low-risk HPV causes condyloma acuminata, skin warts and other problems, will not lead to cervical cancer, but high-risk HPV may lead to cervical precancer and cervical cancer, the most common are 16 and 18 types. The relationship between high-risk HPV types and cervical cancer was first proposed and validated by the German scientist Harald zur Hausen in the 1970s. The main route of HPV infection is sexual contact, and the more sexual partners or the younger the age of first intercourse, the higher the rate of HPV infection. However, sexual contact is not the only route, as HPV infection is found in children and virgins. Many times there is no clear reason for a woman to be infected with HPV; others may be affected by contact with the infected person’s clothing, household items, utensils, etc. Therefore, HPV positivity is not necessarily a result of “messing around”, but can often be detected “out of nowhere”. The majority (80%) of HPV infections are transient. HPV infection is a common occurrence, just like getting the flu, but under normal circumstances, HPV is cleared by the immune system, so a transient infection is not a special event, similar to when you get a cold virus infection, and you don’t even have cold symptoms, your virus has been cleared from your body. Scientists have found that 90% of those infected can be cleared of HPV by the body’s own immunity, meaning that most infected women, who do nothing and don’t have to worry about anything, will turn negative on their own after a year or so. If the same subtype of HPV persists for more than 2 years, there is a chance (note, not a certainty) that it will lead to precancerous lesions of the cervix, and it is a long process from precancerous lesions to cancer, usually taking 10-15 years. At present, experts recognize that screening for high-risk HPV is not recommended for people under 30 years old, because transient infection is more common and even if the screening test is positive, it is very likely to be cleared after a period of time; for people over 30 years old, even if they are found to have high-risk HPV infection, there is no need to be too nervous because although it is a high-risk virus, it does not mean that you have cervical cancer. Screening cervical smear (TCT), if the cervical smear is not problematic, there is no need to worry too much, just need to continue the follow-up. It is advisable to check TCT every six months for simple high-risk HPV infection, if abnormal TCT results are found, colposcopy and multi-point cervical biopsy should be done. From the data of the current study, there is no effective treatment for HPV virus infection, so it is not recommended to treat the carrier status of HPV virus. HPV vaccine is one of the most evidenced preventive measures to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, and women aged 9 to 26 can consider HPV vaccination. HPV vaccine is vaccination, which is not the same as exemption from cervical cancer, and still requires regular cervical smear. Therefore, for women, just simple HPV infection can be done without treatment. It is very essential to keep healthy and happy and to improve one’s immunity. Treatment is only needed when there are lesions visible to the naked eye (such as warts) or pathologically confirmed precancerous lesions of the cervix or cervical cancer. Remember, the principle of treatment for HPV infection is “treat the disease, not the virus”!