Most patients after melanoma resection have lesions that are prone to recurrence, and the overall recurrence rate is high. Melanoma is a highly malignant tumor disease. The recurrence rate of postoperative patients is affected by a variety of clinical factors, such as the depth of tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, the location of the tumor and the scope of surgical resection. In general, the deeper the tumor infiltration, the higher the risk of postoperative recurrence. The recurrence rate of melanoma patients with postoperative pathology suggesting lymph node metastasis is generally significantly higher than that of patients without metastasis. The risk of postoperative recurrence is significantly higher for melanoma growing on the trunk than for melanoma growing on the extremities. Patients with melanoma who do not undergo a wide resection also have a significantly higher rate of recurrence. Overall, melanoma is a malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy, a high recurrence rate, and a poor prognosis.