An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal channel between an artery and a vein, through which blood from the artery flows into the accompanying vein, which can cause local vasculopathy of the fistula and hemodynamic changes in the circulation around the fistula and in the systemic system. The causes of arteriovenous fistulas are twofold: first, they are congenital and are caused by abnormal channels remaining between the arteries and veins during the developmental evolution of the embryonic mesoderm. Second, it is an acquired arteriovenous fistula, caused mainly by trauma, including penetrating injuries and crush injuries, such as various puncture wounds, gunshot wounds, flying injuries from steel and glass fragments, where a hematoma is locally formed by the injury and the cystic wall of the arteriovenous fistula is formed by the mechanization of the hematoma.