Children are hungry for knowledge of the world and have a great curiosity and desire to explore. At the same time, their delicate bodies are most vulnerable to more serious injuries. In recent years, the emergency management of our department has shown an increase in the number of unintentional injuries to children, which mainly include trauma, accidents, foreign body inhalation, joint dislocation, allergies, etc. Trauma: Due to the lack of awareness of the surrounding environment, the lack of ability to inhibit themselves, and the poor coordination of movements, children are prone to some accidental injuries, such as cuts, bruises, stab wounds, firearm injuries and sprains. Trauma is also divided into two categories: closed trauma and open trauma. The former means that the skin and mucous membrane of the injured area are intact and there is no open wound or external bleeding. The latter refers to the rupture of skin and mucous membrane of the injured part with open wounds and external bleeding, accompanied by deep tissue damage, mainly including live cuts, puncture wounds and lacerations. The principles of first aid for trauma are: 1. For children with massive bleeding, the bleeding should be stopped first. 2. For small wounds such as cuts and puncture wounds, a small amount of blood can be squeezed out to flush out bacteria and dirt from the wound. 3. For wounds that cannot be thoroughly cleaned, disinfection with hydrogen peroxide or iodine is recommended. 4. For larger wounds, cover with a clean cloth after stopping the bleeding and send to hospital immediately. If it is a head injury, the general problem can be healed by itself, but when some abnormal performance occurs, regardless of whether there is a wound on the outside, it should be sent to the hospital immediately for examination and treatment. Among children’s trauma, head and face injuries are the most common. The main causes are: 1. traffic accidents. 2. 2. Falling and bruising during sports. 3. Stab wounds during handicraft classes in kindergartens. 4. Fight and brawl injuries. 5. Direct injury to the head by sharp objects such as knives. The main characteristics of the injury: 1. Cuts, bruises, redness and swelling on the jaws and outer skin of the skull. 2. Headache and dizziness. 3. Confusion or drowsiness or in a comatose state. 4. Loss of memory of events before the accident. 5. Bleeding or discharge from the ear, nose, or mouth. 6. Bilateral pupil size is not equal, sometimes there may be double vision. 7. Weak pulse and short breathing. Children with head and facial injuries – should generally go to the hospital for examination. If resting at home, the following symptoms should be sent to the hospital immediately when they occur about 2-3 hours to 1 day after the injury. For example: 1. A child who is usually very naughty is too docile and feels very tired. 2. Spasms occur. 3. Paralysis of hands and feet. 4. Nausea and vomiting. 5. Excessive excitement and fussiness. 6. Increased headache. 7. Turning white. 8. Unconsciousness. The above symptoms indicate the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and should be taken to hospital immediately.