Swelling of the big toe is due to the peripheral nerves around the toe being affected by an immune-mediated acute inflammatory lesion, resulting in demyelination, which manifests as pain. Autonomic function is also affected and cannot adjust innervated blood return, resulting in swelling of the hands and feet. Guillain-Barre syndrome, known as infectious acute polyneurogenic neuritis, occurs when autoimmune antibodies or exogenous viruses infect the peripheral nerves, resulting in peripheral nerve lesions that involve damage to most of the spinal nerve roots, resulting in pain, numbness, and bradykinesia in the fingers and toes. In severe cases, the disease may also lead to life-threatening brain stem neuronucleosis. If the patient has related symptoms, it is recommended to go to the neurology department of the hospital as soon as possible for examination, to identify the cause of the disease and targeted treatment. Patients should maintain a good mindset, get enough sleep and a healthy diet, and exercise regularly to help them recover as soon as possible.