If there are both thyroid nodules and enlarged lymph nodes, ultrasound or puncture examination is needed to clarify the nature of the thyroid nodules and enlarged lymph nodes before adopting targeted treatment. If the nodules are malignant, surgery is recommended. Thyroid nodules can be benign or malignant. If a thyroid nodule is present, an ultrasound is needed. If the ultrasound suggests that the thyroid nodule is regular in shape, has no or little blood flow signal, has no adhesion with the surrounding tissues, and has a high possibility of being benign, then it can be observed regularly. If the possibility of malignancy is high, further puncture biopsy is needed to clarify the nature of the nodule. Enlarged lymph nodes may be due to the presence of infection in the surrounding tissues or metastasis of malignant tumors. When there are enlarged lymph nodes, ultrasonography is needed. If the ultrasonography suggests that the edges of the enlarged lymph nodes are clear and there is no adhesion with the surrounding tissues, the possibility of benign is high, and the surrounding infections can be actively controlled and followed up regularly. If malignancy is likely, a puncture biopsy is needed. Even if both thyroid nodules and enlarged lymph nodes are present at the same time, there is no need to be overly worried. It is necessary to go to the hospital in time for ultrasound and other examinations to clarify the nature and cause of the thyroid nodules and enlarged lymph nodes, and then proceed to the next step under the guidance of the doctor.