The causes of insomnia are varied. In outpatient clinics, insomnia patients with combined anxiety or depressive symptoms are very common. As a result, some patients who clearly have insomnia at night are told by their doctors to insist on taking their medications during the day. The reason for this is that their insomnia is largely related to anxiety, and the medications they take during the day are used to treat anxiety. At the same time, because anxiety is a mental illness that is very prone to relapse, it requires a period of maintenance treatment before the medication can be slowly discontinued. Foreign data show that 36% of insomnia patients are accompanied by anxiety, 40% of elderly insomnia patients are accompanied by anxiety, and the prevalence of insomnia is as high as 60% to 90% among anxious patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Large-scale epidemiological surveys in the United States and the United Kingdom also showed that the proportion of insomnia patients with combined depressive symptoms was 23% and 21%, and the proportion of depression patients with combined insomnia was 42% and 40%. Thus, it is easy to see that the co-occurrence of insomnia and depression and anxiety is very common. Chronic insomnia can lead to negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, which in turn can exacerbate insomnia symptoms. Treating insomnia alone, while neglecting interventions for anxiety or depression, is bound to be much less effective. As a patient, how can we determine if insomnia is related to anxiety or depression and try to minimize the detours during the consultation? Usually, people can judge by some very obvious characteristics. For example, generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by patients who worry about many things and believe that their worries are uncontrollable. Typically, patients often worry about illness or accidents to themselves or loved ones, are unusually worried about their financial situation or ability to work, and often feel restless or excited, have difficulty concentrating, are easily fatigued, and are easily irritated, along with muscle tension and insomnia. Post-traumatic stress disorder, on the other hand, occurs after encountering or confronting significant stress, including threats to life safety, and after severe physical and psychological trauma. The main manifestation of depression is an extremely low emotional state for a long time, loss of interest in activities that used to be interesting, a perception that one’s life is worthless, often with extreme feelings of guilt, remorse, helplessness, despair and self-loathing.