The basic task of clinical anesthesia is to ensure that patients undergo surgical treatment under painless and safe conditions, as the saying goes: “open surgery to remove disease, anesthesia to protect life”. Anesthesiologists are also known as internal medicine doctors in the operating room. They are not only skilled in various anesthesia techniques to ensure painless surgery and smooth operation, but also use advanced instruments to monitor patients’ vital functions at any time, and take various treatment measures to maintain the stability of patients’ vital functions and ensure patients’ safety if they are found to have life-threatening problems due to surgery, anesthesia or patients’ original diseases. 1.What are the clinical anesthesia methods? Clinical anesthesia is mainly divided into local anesthesia, nerve block, intralesional anesthesia and general anesthesia, which block nociceptive conduction at different sites. Local anesthesia is the injection of local anesthetic at the surgical incision site to complete minor surgery on the body surface. Nerve blocks, which use advanced nerve stimulation locators to find the nerves innervating the surgical site and inject local anesthetic around them to block the transmission of pain, are suitable for surgery on the upper or lower extremities. Intraspinal anesthesia includes epidural anesthesia, lumbar anesthesia and a combination of both, in which local anesthetics are injected into the spinal canal at different levels, causing loss of sensation below the plane of anesthesia, so commonly known as “hemianesthesia”. General anesthesia is the injection of anesthetic drugs into the body through a vein or the inhalation of anesthetic gas by the anesthesiologist, so that the patient loses consciousness and pain completely. 2.When do I need anesthesia? Anesthesia is necessary for any surgery or examination that may cause pain. Such as surgery (including general surgery, abdominal, neurological, orthopedic, thoracic, cardiac, vascular, urological, pediatric, etc.), obstetrics and gynecology, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, stomatology and other large, medium and small surgeries, as well as gastroenteroscopy, bronchoscopy, abortion, childbirth and interventional treatment.