Whether drinking 4000 ml of water a day will hurt the kidneys needs to be based on specific groups of people and cannot be generalized. In general, normal people occasionally drink 4000 ml of water a day, it will not cause damage to the kidneys. However, for some special people, such as patients with edema and ascites, especially those with renal edema, it may damage the kidneys. Human body water sources mainly contain drinking water, food water and metabolic water. The human body will consume part of the water stored in the body through normal activities, therefore, it needs to maintain the water balance in the body by increasing water intake. For a normal healthy population, drinking around 1500-1700 ml of water per day is appropriate and usually does not harm the body. However, if you drink too much water, it will increase the burden on the kidneys, but usually does not directly cause kidney damage. For people with high calorie consumption, such as athletes, sports professionals, or people engaged in heavy physical labor, due to excessive exercise, long-term exposure to the sun, etc., the amount of sweat discharged, the body’s water needs will increase accordingly, when the amount of water may also increase to 4000 ml per day. But it is a normal situation, so it does not cause kidney damage. However, if there is kidney disease or kidney insufficiency, or patients with diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and other underlying diseases, drinking 4,000 ml of water a day may damage the kidneys, or even cause water poisoning to occur, patients can have headaches, vomiting, loss of appetite and other symptoms, and in serious cases may lead to brain damage, aphasia or even coma. Therefore, patients with poor kidney function or the presence of kidney disease need to reduce their own water consumption according to their own situation, as appropriate.