Kidney deficiency is categorized into kidney qi deficiency, kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency, and the manifestations are different for different types. Kidney qi deficiency is mainly characterized by lumbar soreness, dizziness, tinnitus, aching and tenderness in the knees, accompanied by abnormal menstrual cycle, scanty menstrual flow, pale tongue, thin white moss and fine pulse. Kidney yin deficiency is characterized by lumbar and knee pain, dizziness, tinnitus, low menstrual flow, amenorrhea or disintegration, accompanied by insomnia and forgetfulness; dry mouth and eyes, emaciation, heartburn, hot flashes and night sweating, etc. The tongue is red, with little moss, and the pulse is thin and countless. The main clinical manifestations of kidney yang deficiency are: dizziness, white or sallow face, lumbar and knee pain, cold pain, fear of cold limbs, uterine cold and infertility, prolonged diarrhea, long and clear urine, pale tongue, white moss, and thin and weak pulse.