Unilateral testicular pain may be related to scrotal trauma, testicular epididymitis, testicular tumor, varicocele and other diseases. 1. When unilateral testicular pain occurs, it is necessary to go to the hospital in time for examination. If there is a history of obvious past trauma, the first thing to consider is that the pain is caused by testicular injury due to trauma, pay attention to rest, the formation of hematoma and other cases need surgery if necessary; 2. If the patient’s testicular pain with local redness and swelling, ultrasound examination found rich blood flow signal, it is considered to be caused by testicular epididymitis. 3. Pain caused by testicular tumor is usually hard in texture, ultrasound examination can help diagnosis. 4. Testicular pain caused by varicocele is usually vague and uncomfortable, and requires timely treatment of varicocele to avoid affecting testicular function. Unilateral testicular pain may have other causes, and timely consultation is recommended.