Most mediastinal cysts have no sequelae or complications after surgery. Only a very small number of patients will be left with some sequelae after a poor postoperative recovery. Mediastinal cyst surgery may have sequelae such as esophageal fistula, tracheal fistula and thoracic spine pain. 1. Esophageal fistula: in case of congenital mediastinal esophageal cyst, the process of surgery may cause damage to the patient’s esophagus, resulting in esophageal fistula after the patient’s surgery. 2. Tracheal fistula: if the patient’s mediastinal cyst is located in the position of the tracheal wall, the surgical removal of the cyst may cause the patient to develop tracheal fistula. 3. Thoracic spine pain: some patients’ mediastinal cysts may be close to the thoracic spine, and damage to the thoracic spine may occur during surgical resection, leading to symptoms of thoracic spine pain after surgery. Mediastinal cyst surgery should follow the doctor’s instructions for regular review, and should closely observe the condition as well as the changes in the wound, to maintain hygiene and cleanliness of the surgical wound to avoid wound infection.