Type 2 diabetic nephropathy can be divided into five stages: 1. Stage I shows an increase in glomerular filtration rate, which is roughly 30%-40% higher than the original glomerular filtration rate. Because of glomerular hyperperfusion and hypertrophy, there is often no obvious clinical manifestation in this stage; 2. Stage II occurs about 2-3 years after the onset of diabetes mellitus, and the pathological manifestation is the proliferation of glomerular thylakoid membrane, glomerulosclerosis and thickening of basement membrane, but there is no obvious clinical manifestation, and only a small amount of urinary albumin appears after exercise; 3. Stage III often occurs about 5-7 years after the onset of diabetes mellitus. The amount of protein in the urine at this stage, gradually increases in excretion, and trace albuminuria is evidence of early kidney disease. The glomerular filtration rate decreases to normal or near normal, and blood pressure may be elevated, but not to the level of hypertension. The rate of protein excretion in urine is about 30mg/day or 20μg/min, which is a very critical period in the progression of diabetes, and the development of the disease can be stopped and delayed by treatment. 4. Stage IV is obvious diabetic nephropathy, characterized by proteinuria, which can be accompanied by hypertension, swelling, and even the appearance of nephrotic syndrome-like manifestations. The glomerular filtration rate gradually decreases, and the urinary protein excretion rate exceeds 200 μg/min. After intervention, the progression of renal failure can often only be delayed, but not reversed. If no intervention is given, the glomerular filtration rate, each month, can drop by more than 1 ml. If there is a combination of smoking, hypertension and other diseases, the progress will be faster; 5, V stage is end-stage nephropathy, this stage occurs about 20-40 years after diabetes, often accompanied by a significant reduction in glomerular filtration rate and increased blood pressure, within 10-18 years, 50%-75% of patients will enter the end-stage nephropathy. Among the five stages of diabetic nephropathy, stages I-III are generally obvious, and after stage IV, it can be manifested as proteinuria, swelling, hypertension, renal hypofunction and glomerular filtration changes.