1. Mood symptoms: Mood symptoms are the most significant and common symptoms of depression. Mood symptoms in depressed patients include two main aspects: depressed mood and loss of interest. The life of a depressed patient seems to be full of helplessness and despair. If a depressed patient is asked to describe his mood, he will often say: “sad, helpless, desperate, lonely, unfortunate, downcast, worthless, humiliated, ashamed, sullen, ashamed…; Although the basic mood of depressed patients is depression, their mood, or rather their depressed mood varies with time. It varies even over the course of the day. In general, depressive symptoms are most pronounced in the morning, when patients often feel little to no strength to get out of bed, and mood slowly improves a bit as the day progresses, with relatively best moods at night. Another mood symptom that is almost as common as depression is the loss of interest: people with depression often do not experience the joy of life. Things that used to interest them, activities they enjoyed, now do not interest them at all. The loss of interest often begins with some activity, such as work. However, as the depressive symptoms progress, the patient slowly loses interest in almost everything. 2. Cognitive symptoms: Cognitive symptoms are another major symptom of depression. It is mainly reflected in unwarranted self-criminalization and self-blame, exaggerating one’s shortcomings and narrowing one’s strengths, showing a kind of cognitive illogicality and impracticality. The depressed person’s evaluation of himself is always negative. This negative thinking casts a thick layer of gray on his vision of himself and his future. Once a setback occurs, depressed people place the entire blame on themselves. Some extremely depressed patients even believe that they are responsible for the injustices and inequalities in the world and that they should be punished for their “sins. 3. Motivational symptoms: The motivational symptoms of depression are reflected in the lack of motivation to do anything. We have different levels of motivation for different people. Most people, are able to get up on time in the morning, get to work or school on time, and are able to actively find ways to entertain ourselves as well as others. However, for people with depression, it is extremely difficult for them to start doing anything, not to mention actively finding ways to entertain themselves, and it requires a tremendous amount of self-imposed struggle. Severely depressed patients will lie motionless in bed with their heads in their hands every day, spend their days without food or drink, with their eyebrows furrowed, with few words, and even with tears in their eyes. Even if they do move, the movement is obviously slow. 4. Somatic symptoms: The most deeply hidden are the somatic symptoms of depression. As depressive symptoms develop, all biological and psychological pleasures are lost. The appetite of depressed patients is often poor, even for those who usually love to eat, wine and food do not whet their appetite. Depressed patients often become thin. Sleep problems also occur, with difficulty falling asleep at night and waking up early in the morning, and even when they do fall asleep, the quality of sleep is poor. With poor appetite and poor sleep, the patient gradually becomes weak and fatigued. The sexual life of depressed patients can also be affected, with erectile dysfunction in men and sexual apathy in women being common. It should be noted that physical discomfort is often the first thing to be noticed in depressed patients, while emotional problems are often overlooked and therefore are often mistaken for physical illness or neurological deficits, thus delaying treatment. Therefore, if the patient always complains of physical discomfort and no corresponding physical illness is detected, we should pay attention to the patient’s emotional performance, asking them how their mood is, whether they have lost interest in things, especially what they think about after waking up in the middle of the night. And we should take the patient to the psychiatric department or insomnia and depression outpatient clinic for treatment.