Vertigo is a locomotor or positional illusion caused by the body’s impaired spatial localization. It is often felt as a rotation of external objects or oneself, and symptoms such as dizziness, vomiting, nausea, and sweating may also occur. Vertigo can be caused by vestibular system, nervous system, ophthalmologic and cardiovascular system diseases.
1. Vestibular system: Vertigo can be caused by lesions in the vestibule of the inner ear to the extracranial segment of the vestibular nerve, such as Meniere’s disease, vestibular neuritis, labyrinthitis, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and so on.
2. Neurological: Vertigo can occur in intracranial section of vestibular nerve, vestibular nerve nucleus and brain lesions, such as brainstem infarction, acoustic neuroma, cerebellar disorders and so on.
3. Ophthalmologic: Ophthalmologic vertigo is mostly caused by ocular muscle paralysis, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa and so on.
4. Cardiovascular system: cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia and other diseases can also lead to the occurrence of vertigo.
In addition to the above causes, vertigo is also related to poisoning, mental illness and cervical spine disease. When symptoms of vertigo occur, you should immediately seek medical attention to identify the cause and treat it under the guidance of a professional doctor, so as to avoid delaying the condition.