Uterine fibroids are the most common tumors of the female reproductive organs, mostly seen in women aged 30-50 years. Molecular biology findings suggest that uterine fibroids are formed by the proliferation of monoclonal smooth muscle cells and multiple fibroids are formed by different clonal cells. Estrogen receptors and estradiol content in tissues are higher in uterine fibroids than in normal uterine tissues. Estrogen can promote fibroid enlargement, and progesterone can stimulate nuclear division of fibroid cells and promote fibroid growth. The main clinical symptoms of patients with uterine fibroids are excessive menstruation with secondary anemia; abdominal mass; abdominal pain, lumbago, lower abdominal cramping and pressure symptoms – frequent urination, etc. At present, the main treatments for fibroids are: 1) total hysterectomy; 2) myomectomy; 3) hormone therapy; 4) uterine artery embolization. Uterine artery embolization is a safe, effective, simple, convenient and less damaging treatment method. It facilitates the preservation of the function of the uterus (normal menstruation) and has less impact on normal reproductive function. It can achieve comparable effect to surgical resection in terms of improvement of clinical symptoms, and can treat multiple myomas at the same time, and has become a new treatment method in addition to surgical resection.