The clinical manifestations of anemia consist of two parts: the primary disease and the manifestations of the anemia itself, which are related to the degree of anemia and the speed at which the anemia occurs. Since anemia causes the lack of oxygen in the tissues of the whole body, it can cause different manifestations in the skin, respiratory and circulatory system, nervous system, digestive system and so on.
1. Skin and mucous membranes: the most common sign of anemia is the pallor of skin and mucous membranes such as oral mucous membranes, which may be accompanied by dry skin, inelasticity and tension. In iron deficiency anemia, there may be antinail or spatulate nail. In hemolytic anemia, there may be yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes.
2. Respiratory and circulatory system: anemia often causes compensatory heart rate and respiratory acceleration, and in rapidly progressing anemia, there may be obvious symptoms of panic and shortness of breath.
3. Nervous system: severe anemia often has fainting, dizziness, tinnitus, headache, tiredness, inattention and memory loss, which may be related to cerebral hypoxia caused by anemia.
4. Digestive system: patients with anemia often have lack of appetite, nausea, bloating, abdominal discomfort, constipation or diarrhea. Heterophagia is a special manifestation of iron deficiency anemia.
If there is any of the above related anemia manifestations, the cause of the disease should be clarified and standardized treatment should be carried out under the guidance of physicians to avoid adverse consequences.