There are various types of ovarian cysts in women. The common ones are follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts, both of which are functional ovarian cysts that are formed abnormally during or after ovulation in women and occur mostly in women of childbearing age. The second is chocolate cysts, medically known as ovarian endometriosis cysts, which are formed when endometrium-like tissue planted in the ovary undergoes cyclic proliferation and shedding with menstruation and accumulation of menstrual blood. They are named because of the dark red, old menstrual blood that flows out after rupture, resembling hot chocolate. Most functional ovarian cysts have no obvious symptoms or signs and are only found during pelvic examinations. These cysts are usually harmless and usually disappear on their own without treatment, requiring only periodic review. If the cyst is large (≥8 cm) and symptoms such as frequent urination, abdominal pain and irregular menstrual cycle occur, home treatment with heat therapy and pain medication can be used and the symptoms can usually be relieved. If the cyst is twisted or ruptured, emergency laparoscopic ovarian cyst debridement should be performed, during which the cyst wall should be peeled off completely to minimize damage to ovarian tissues; for older patients without fertility requirements, ovariectomy should be performed. Chocolate cysts, referred to as coeliacs, are harmful and patients often have painful periods and infertility. In mild cases, they are treated with pain medication or birth control pills; in severe pain or large cysts, laparoscopic colectomy is feasible. It should be noted that for those who wish to have children, pregnancy should be induced as early as possible; once pregnant, the ectopic endometrial lesion will necrotize and atrophy, and the symptoms will be relieved and hopefully cured after delivery.