It is very important to test the urine of diabetic patients for several purposes. 1. to assess whether there is urinary ketone body production in the urine of patients, because urinary ketone body often indicates the presence of ketoacidosis among the acute complications of diabetes, which is more dangerous for patients and may lead to coma and even life-threatening if not controlled in time. 2. to assess whether there is protein in the urine, because Urine protein is very critical to the assessment of diabetic nephropathy, if there is protein directly inside the urine routine of diabetic patients, called dominant urine protein, the patient’s diabetic nephropathy may have reached the state of stage IV. In addition to urine routine testing, urine microalbumin testing is also very important. Microalbumin is mainly used to assess whether the patient’s diabetic nephropathy has reached stage III and other reversible stages, and to detect white blood cells and red blood cells in the urine routine to assess whether the patient has urinary tract infection, because the probability of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients is relatively large compared to the general population. The timely assessment of urine leukocytes, bacteria, and red blood cells is necessary to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.