Nephrotic syndrome is a disease of the immune system, a series of clinical symptoms, mainly manifested as massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemic edema, hyperlipidemia, can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary is mainly characterized by four pathological types and requires aggressive anti-immune therapy. Secondary varies in different age groups, and in children it is most often seen in systemic lupus and allergic purpura, hepatitis B-associated nephritis, and so on. Middle-aged and elderly people are often secondary to diabetic nephropathy, tumors, amyloidosis, etc. Active treatment of the primary pathology is usually of good significance for the patient’s prognosis.