Growth retardation refers to the phenomenon of slowing down or stopping in the process of growth and development, with a prevalence of 6-8%. It is believed that the causes of growth retardation are: 1, genetic factors: can be manifested as familial short stature; 2, maternal factors: maternal nutrition p emotions p drugs p radiation p environment, etc. can have a great impact on the growth and development of the fetus; 3, nutrition and distribution: adequate nutrition supply and balanced nutrients for children play an important role in growth and development; 4, chronic diseases: such as chronic infections, chronic liver disease, malnutrition, congenital heart disease, congenital renal tubular disease, etc. can lead to growth retardation in children. Liver disease, malnutrition, congenital heart disease, congenital renal tubular disease, etc. can lead to growth retardation in children; 5, endocrine diseases: such as hypothyroidism p pituitary dwarfism pTurner syndrome, etc. Clinically, growth retardation is mainly manifested as short stature, with or without mental retardation and non-development of secondary sexual characteristics. For growth retardation caused by endocrine disorders, there are different manifestations and different treatment options. For example, hypothyroidism can lead to short stature, sometimes disproportionate limbs, slow dental development, and mental retardation, and in adolescents, hoarse voice, little speech, swollen face, enlarged thyroid gland, hair loss, dry skin, slow pulse, weight gain, and drowsiness. A clear diagnosis can be made by checking the thyroid function, and the symptoms can be significantly improved by timely supplementation of thyroid hormones. 2. Pituitary dwarfism: The growth hormone level of these patients is obviously reduced, and nearly 80% of them are diagnosed as “idiopathic growth hormone deficient dwarfism” with unknown cause, and also secondary to hypothalamic-pituitary tumors, such as craniopharyngioma and neurofibroma, or intracranial infection. Patients may be born with normal length and weight, but after a few months, their body growth is retarded, and after 2-3 years of age, they differ significantly from children of the same age, and their growth rate is extremely slow, but their physique is generally proportional, and they do not rise more than 130 cm in adulthood, and their intelligence is normal, their sexual organs do not develop, and their secondary sexual characteristics are absent. The application of human growth hormone replacement therapy can be effective in 80% of patients. For patients with secondary pituitary dwarfism, such as intracranial tumors, surgical treatment can be performed. 3. Turner syndrome: It is also called congenital ovarian hypoplasia syndrome because of the absence of one x chromosome. The main manifestation is short stature, usually not more than 150 cm, which can be accompanied by mild mental retardation, amenorrhea, special facial features and non-development of secondary sexual characteristics. 4, Kerner syndrome: is a cytogenetic disease, mostly chromosomal abnormalities, more than one X chromosome, also known as testicular varicocele dysplasia, mainly manifested as secondary sexual characteristics dysplasia, no laryngeal nodes, no beard, no axillary and pubic hair, small testicles, but tall, up to 170cm or more, and the lower body longer than the upper body, intelligence can be normal or mildly impaired, need to be androgen replacement therapy. The former is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, and there is no special one; the latter two are caused by enzyme deficiency, and can be treated for the cause. During the development of children, parents need to pay close attention to their children’s development such as intelligence p elevation p weight p secondary sex characteristics and other conditions, timely detection of problems and timely consultation.