We generally define myopia over 600° as high myopia. High myopia often has fundus changes, pathological myopia, such as peripheral retinal degeneration, retinal fissures, leopard’s eye, choroidal atrophy arc, etc., and even macular neovascularization. These are the fundus changes caused by high myopia, and the main hazards are retinal detachment, macular hemorrhage, etc.! The main causes of fundus changes in high myopia are as follows: 1. The highly myopic eye elongates backward, the retinal vessels begin to thin after leaving the optic papilla, and the choroidal vessels become phase-straight and thin. At the same time, the
As the pigment epithelial layer is nutritionally impaired, the superficial pigment epithelial layer is nutritionally impaired leading to the disappearance of superficial pigment, which makes the choroidal vessels more exposed and presents leopard-like high myopic fundus changes. 2.The formation of white arcuate spots in the fundus of highly myopic eyes. 3. If the posterior pole of the highly myopic eye continues to extend, choroidal detachment will occur, gradually extending from the temporal side of the papilla to the periphery of the optic papilla, resulting in a circular arcuate spot in the fundus of highly myopic eyes. 4, the force of scleral extension on the posterior pole of the retina and fatty membrane constantly involved in pulling, the choroid between the optic papilla and macula easily degenerate, causing atrophy and hemorrhage. When the hemorrhage penetrates into the choroid or retina, if the absorption is not complete, it will cause mechanization and the choroid and retina in the corresponding area will lose its normal function. High myopia fundus changes can cause serious ophthalmic diseases, so highly myopic patients, after understanding the causes of high myopia fundus changes, must immediately go to a regular eye hospital for diagnosis and treatment once the symptoms of fundus changes, such as fundus hemorrhage, are detected. With the development of medical technology and the attention people pay to eye health, the situation of high myopia fundus changes will be further improved.