I. Early Pregnancy Period: 1. In order to determine pregnancy during early pregnancy, or if there is vaginal bleeding in order to determine whether the pregnancy is normal, pregnancy tests of blood or urine are required: urine HCG qualitative and quantitative, blood HCG, ultrasound. 2.After the pregnancy is confirmed, a systematic prenatal check-up is performed at the local hospital to establish a card, and detailed inquiries about this pregnancy, previous physical condition, pregnancy, family history, etc. Record the basal weight, blood pressure, pelvic external measurement, etc. 3.Laboratory tests should be done: hematogram, urinalysis, blood type, blood sugar, renal function, liver function, A function, hepatitis B triplet, hepatitis C, viral tests such as cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, herpes virus, rubella virus, syphilis serology, AIDS test, etc. 4, health care guidance. Regular prenatal checkups: every 4 weeks from 12 to 28 weeks, every 2 weeks from 28 to 36 weeks, and weekly thereafter. 2. Checkups include: weight, blood pressure, uterine height, abdominal circumference, and listening to fetal heartbeat. A. Weight monitoring: the weight of pregnant women can also indirectly reflect the growth and development of the fetus. Generally, it can be measured once a week. In the second trimester (after 28 weeks), the fetus grows faster and the weight of the pregnant woman increases by about 500 grams per week. If the weight does not increase for several weeks, it means that the fetus is growing slowly; if the weight increases too fast, the pregnant woman may have edema, or her body is rapidly obese due to excessive food consumption. If you find that the weight does not increase or increases too quickly, you should look for and determine the cause and take appropriate measures. B. Blood pressure monitoring: prevent gestational hypertension syndrome C. Fetal size monitoring: slow growth, excessive growth, abnormal uterine growth D. Fetal heartbeat: 120-160 times/min 3. About ultrasound: at least 5-6 times during the whole pregnancy. The first time: early pregnancy (6-10 weeks): to understand the development of embryo, the gestational age can be estimated according to the size of the germ (especially for those who are not allowed to menstruate or the time of menopause is unknown) The second time: 11-14 weeks of pregnancy: to measure NT value and predict the occurrence of fetal malformation The third time: mid-term 16-20 weeks, to understand the development of fetus and provide accurate gestational age for mid-term Down screening. Fourth: Systematic ultrasound for malformation screening: 22-26 weeks , if you want to do fetal heart ultrasound can be done at 28-30 weeks The fifth time: 30-34 weeks, close screening for malformations (especially brain, digestive tract, kidneys and other organs), to understand the size of the fetus and to detect and treat intrauterine growth retardation (FGR) in time. Sixth: 37-40 weeks, to understand fetal size, placental maturity, amniotic fluid, etc. The number of times should be increased in special cases: pre-eclampsia in early pregnancy, placenta praevia bleeding, placenta abruptio tendency, ultrasound once a month in twin pregnancy, abnormal umbilical blood flow, single umbilical artery, etc. 4. Special tests: i. Glucose tolerance test: 24-30 weeks (fasting) ii. Blood group antibody test (for couples with incompatible blood groups: type O for the female), at least 2 times during pregnancy iii. Down’s syndrome screening: 13%-20% of babies with congenital defects are born in China, and the prevailing screening program mainly focuses on congenital dysmorphism (pediatric dementia, 21-trisomy) and neurological disorders. -Trisomy 21), neural tube abnormalities, trisomy 18 and other diseases for screening and diagnosis. These include: early Down screening (11-13 weeks + 6 days), mid-term Down screening (14-21 weeks), iv. Amniotic fluid screening or non-invasive genetic testing: for those with poor maternal history, those at high risk for Down’s syndrome, those of advanced maternal age, and those with family genetic disorders; amniocentesis at 16-20 weeks and non-invasive genetic testing after 15 weeks are available. v. Cervical cytology smear screening during pregnancy: recurrent vaginal bleeding and exclusion of placenta praevia can be examined. 5. Self-monitoring: ①Fetal heart monitoring: remote fetal heart monitoring can be performed after 28 weeks of gestation, and fetal heart monitoring can be done at each maternity checkup after 34 weeks. ②Fetal movement monitoring: the fetus “curled up” in the womb, often stretching and stirring, which is called fetal movement. Normal fetal movement is 4-5 times per hour. Measure 3 times a day (once in the morning, once in the afternoon and once in the evening) for 1 hour each time. If the number of fetal movements in 3 hours multiplied by 4 (equal to the number of fetal movements in 12 hours) is less than 30, or reduced by half than before, or the fetal movements are frequent, it means that the fetus has abnormal possibility, and fetal heart monitoring can be carried out immediately or go to hospital for medical treatment. ③Fetal position monitoring: the abdominal examination is mainly to check the position of the fetal head. In normal fetal position, the fetal head should be in the middle of the lower abdomen, i.e. above the pubic symphysis. If the fetal head is felt in the upper abdomen, it is breech position; if the fetal head is felt in the lateral abdomen, it is transverse position, both of which are abnormal and can cause difficulties in delivery and should be corrected. Pregnant women need to make chest and knee position, so that the fetal position will correct itself. 6. Special attention: ①In the middle and late pregnancy, attention should also be paid to the correction of anemia and thrombocytopenia, regular rechecking of hemogram, and if the anemia cannot be corrected after iron supplementation, screening for thalassemia should be performed. ② If skin itching/diarrhea/jaundice occurs, liver function should be checked promptly to prevent biliary stasis in pregnancy. ③ If edema is present, urine protein should be checked regularly to prevent low protein edema. ④ If found to be placenta praevia, pay attention to reduce activity and once there is vaginal bleeding, take absolute bed rest or go to hospital; ⑤ In twin pregnancy , pay attention to rest and nutrition to avoid preterm delivery; ⑥ If there is uterine contraction in the middle and late pregnancy, go to hospital in time to avoid preterm delivery.