Superficial lymph node aspiration (superficiallymphnodepuncture) is mainly used for the diagnosis of needle aspiration biopsy of superficial lymph nodes and the diagnosis and treatment of pus. I. Indications for surgery 1.For the etiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of enlarged superficial lymph nodes. 2.Pus aspiration and treatment of swollen lymph nodes. Contraindications to surgery 1.Highly suspected or diagnosed primary malignant tumor. 2. Relatively small lymph nodes near the aorta or nerves. Surgical method 1.Select the lymph node with obvious enlargement and suspicion as the puncture site. 2.The patient is routinely disinfected with local skin, and the operator’s left index finger and thumb are disinfected. 3.Puncture the enlarged lymph node with the index finger and thumb of the left hand, hold a disposable syringe (10ml or 20ml) in the right hand, stab the needle vertically into the center of the lymph node from the top of the lymph node, fix the syringe with the left hand, pull the needle tether into negative pressure with the right hand, if no contents are aspirated, the direction of the needle in the lymph node can be changed and the contents can be withdrawn, at this time, the left hand presses the eye of the needle with gauze and pulls out the needle while maintaining the negative pressure of the syringe. The syringe together with the needle is pulled out quickly, covered with sterile gauze locally and fixed with adhesive tape. 4.Smear the aspirate in the syringe and push it on the slide, smear it evenly and stain it for bacterial and cytological examination, if the amount of aspirate is small, then the liquid in the needle can be pushed out to make a smear. 5.If it is lymph node aspiration to give pus, the needle should be inserted at a high position above the lymph node, and if it is lymph node nodule liquefaction aspiration, the needle should be inserted from a high position above the healthy skin. Precautions 1. Select the suspicious lymph nodes for puncture. For the purpose of treatment, the lymph nodes with obvious fluctuations should be selected. 2. Repeat puncture can be performed if a puncture is negative, or other enlarged lymph nodes can be selected for puncture. 3. Do not puncture too deeply to avoid injury to the deep tissues, and be careful not to injure the lung tip when puncturing the supraclavicular lymph nodes. 4. A positive lymph node puncture result has diagnostic value, but a negative result cannot exclude certain diseases. 5.If lymph node aspiration is used to administer pus, the amount of injection should not be too large and should be less than the amount of pus aspirated.