Swelling and pain in the innermost gums may be caused by pericoronitis of the wisdom teeth, dental caries and gingivitis. General treatment, medication and surgery can be taken according to different causes. 1. Wisdom tooth pericoronitis: If the patient is growing wisdom teeth, insufficient eruption or bacterial infection may occur during the eruption process of wisdom teeth, thus causing wisdom tooth pericoronitis, leading to swelling and pain of the innermost gums. In case of wisdom tooth pericoronitis, local rinsing and medication should be carried out, along with oral anti-inflammatory treatments such as cefadroxil extended-release tablets and cefdinir dispersible tablets. Can be combined with anti-inflammatory mouthwash, such as compound chlorhexidine gargle, ciprofloxacin gargle and other auxiliary treatment. 2. Dental caries: If the teeth in the innermost part of the mouth are decayed, long-term food impaction can cause gum swelling, obvious cavities on the teeth, and the color may also change. If there is caries can be surgically removed carious tissue, and then filled with photosensitive composite resin material. 3. Gingivitis: If you don’t pay attention to oral hygiene, a lot of plaque will appear on the teeth inside, leading to gingival swelling and pain. Plaque and calculus can be removed by supragingival cleaning and subgingival scraping; the gingival sulcus or periodontal pockets can be repeatedly rinsed with hydrogen peroxide solution and chlorhexidine gluconate gargle, and oral cefadroxil delayed-release tablets and cefixime granules can be used for the treatment at the same time. The innermost gum swelling and pain may also exist other causes, it is recommended that the patient consult a doctor in time to clarify the cause of the disease and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment or medication.