Microscopic root canal treatment is root canal treatment under microscope, nowadays, most of the specialized dental hospitals have to use microscope when performing root canal treatment, microscope has become the necessary equipment for root canal treatment, when the tooth is infected or necrotic in pulp and need to carry out root canal treatment, it is recommended to use auxiliary microscope because it has become the routine treatment equipment. Microscopic root canal treatment will enlarge the field of view under ordinary treatment, thus increasing the scope of operation of the doctor, making the doctor’s field of view clearer, the structure inside the root canal clearer, reducing the root canal treatment failure caused by missing root canals, and thus reducing the patient’s pain.