Hydronephrosis can cause what diseases, hydronephrosis causes more symptoms or diseases, such as pain, some patients will have a dull pain in the back, some serious will have renal colic, like a knife twisting pain, and patients will have nausea, vomiting symptoms. There may also be enlargement of the kidney and abdominal masses, which may be found when the abdomen is touched. There is also hematuria, and some people find blood in their urine. It may also cause infection, fever, chills and back pain. Severe hydronephrosis can also lead to kidney failure and kidney necrosis.