How to exercise for diabetics

  Exercise can reduce peripheral tissue resistance to insulin, improve the utilization of glucose by muscle tissue, regulate glucose metabolism, lower blood sugar and reduce urine sugar; promote the decomposition of adipose tissue, correct fat metabolism disorders, reduce body fat, lower blood lipids, regulate body weight and lose weight; improve physical strength, promote health, prevent and control the occurrence of infection and other complications.  Type 2 diabetes is easier to control, and exercise therapy is especially suitable for obese patients with type 2 diabetes.  Patients with type 1 diabetes should consider participating in exercise only if their condition is stable, their blood sugar is effectively controlled and they have obtained the consent of their doctor.  Exercise form: mainly aerobic jogging, swimming, aerobics, taijiquan and other exercises.  Exercise intensity: exercise intensity of 60% to 90% of the maximum heart rate. For infrequent participants, a period of low-intensity exercise first, and then increase the amount of exercise as the body allows.  Exercise frequency: at least 3 to 5 d/week.  Duration of exercise: 20-60 min/time/d, including 5-10 min of preparatory activities before exercise and at least 5 min of relaxation activities after exercise, and the effective heart rate must be maintained for 10-30 min during exercise. Time of exercise: Exercise for type 2 diabetic patients is generally arranged within 1 to 2 h after meals, which has the best effect on lowering glucose. time of exercise for type 1 diabetic patients It is best to choose the morning before insulin administration to avoid hypoglycemic reactions.  Note: If blood glucose < 5.6 mmol/L, add a meal before exercise; if blood glucose is between 5.6 and 13.9 mmol/L, you can participate in exercise; if blood glucose > 13.9 mmol/L, delay participation in exercise.  Medication use: use insulin at least 1 h before exercise; reduce the use of sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs and bactrim; discuss with the doctor how to reduce the use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs according to the frequency of hypoglycemia and the level of hypoglycemia.  Common adverse reactions: The most obvious complication of exercise in diabetic patients is hypoglycemia, which is more likely to occur in type 1 than type 2 diabetics. Patients with diabetes should monitor their blood glucose when participating in a new exercise program, and continue to explore reasonable medication dosages and dietary habits in order to achieve the desired level of blood glucose control and avoid hypoglycemia.  There is also a latent danger of delayed hypoglycemia that diabetics should be aware of after exercise. Therefore, it is important to be prepared, such as carrying candy bars and chocolates, just in case.