Thyroid cysts that have a tendency to become malignant may require surgery. Thyroid cysts are mostly benign. Thyroid cancer with cysts is rare, about 1% to 2%. Cytologic examination of cyst fluid from cancerous cysts usually reveals cancerous cells. Currently, the treatment of thyroid cysts is advocated by puncture and injection of sclerosing agents. Common sclerosing agents include tetracycline, prednisolone, and 2% to 3% tincture of iodine. It can cause aseptic necrosis, adhesion, fibrosis, and occlusion of the cyst wall to achieve the purpose of treating the cyst. If the cyst is hemorrhagic and accumulates rapidly after repeated aspiration, one should be alert to the possibility of cancer, and it is best to use surgical treatment. After the above treatment, oral thyroid hormone preparation can reduce the recurrence of cysts and promote the absorption of residual hard nodules. Patients with thyroid cysts are advised to go to regular hospitals for professional advice.