The development of congenital heart disease is mainly caused by cardiovascular development disorders during the fetal period. During the first few weeks of embryonic development, a pregnant woman with viral infections (rubella virus, measles virus), improper use of drugs, environmental pollution, exposure to high doses of x-rays and other radioactive substances, or nutritional or vitamin deficiencies of the mother can cause abnormal development of the fetus’s heart and lead to the development of congenital heart disease. The chance of having a child with congenital heart disease is about 6‰-8‰ in general, and if the pregnant woman has had a child with congenital heart disease before, the chance of having a child with congenital heart disease in another pregnancy will be much higher. Genetic studies suggest that most congenital heart disease is the result of multiple genes interacting with environmental factors. Therefore, pregnant women who have a family history of congenital heart disease should also be reviewed more intensively during pregnancy for early detection. The causes of congenital heart disease in children are also related to advanced maternal age. With late marriage and late childbirth, especially in first-tier cities, the number of advanced pregnant women is increasing, and there are also studies showing that advanced pregnant women have a higher chance of giving birth to children with congenital heart disease than the general population, so it is generally advocated that advanced pregnant women should start close prenatal checkups from 20 weeks of pregnancy to rule out fetal heart and other malformations. The older a pregnant woman is, the more attention she should receive.