In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) indications: 1. gamete transport disorders caused by various factors in the female; 2. ovulation disorders; 3. endometriosis; 4. oligospermia or weak spermia in the male; 5. unexplained infertility; 6. immunological infertility. ICSI indications: 1. severe oligospermia, weak, teratospermia; 2. irreversible obstructive azoospermia; 3. spermatogenic dysfunction (excluding those caused by genetic defects); 4. immune infertility; 5. failure of conventional in vitro fertilization; 6. abnormal sperm acrosome.