Having only one kidney, i.e. single kidney, does not necessarily have an effect on the body, and some patients may suffer from decreased immunity and so on. Patients are advised to ensure sufficient rest and improve their diet. Patients with only one kidney are called single kidney, most of them are caused by atrophy of one kidney due to congenital dysplasia, while others are caused by acquired factors. Generally speaking, single kidney will not cause adverse effects on the patient’s body, and it can fulfill the patient’s daily metabolism and regulation. However, some patients may have symptoms of decreased immunity and physical strength. It is suggested that patients with single kidney should improve their lifestyle, quit bad habits, pay attention to rest, and avoid staying up late and working hard. Patients should avoid smoking and drinking, which may aggravate the burden on the kidneys. Patients with single kidney are advised to develop healthy lifestyle habits to avoid aggravating the burden on kidneys. Consult the regular hospital in time and standardize the treatment under the guidance of physicians.