Articular cartilage is histologically described as hyaline cartilage that covers the two opposing bony surfaces that make up a movable joint. It is a special connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and cartilage matrix, without blood vessels, lymphatic vessels or nerves, and is nourished mainly by synovial fluid and subchondral vessels in the joint cavity, with the former being the main source. Articular cartilage plays an important role in human activity function, not only can evenly transfer the load, expand the joint load-bearing surface and reduce contact stress, but also is the structural basis for low friction and low wear during joint activities. With the widespread development of mass sports activities and the improvement of people’s living standards, damage to articular cartilage is recognized as the main cause of human motor dysfunction. There are many factors that have been considered to be responsible for articular cartilage damage, such as long-term heavy physical work, poor lifestyle behavior and occupational fatigue, which can occur prematurely and are considered to be accompanied by the normal aging process of the human body, and once damaged, it is difficult to repair completely and may even lead to disability. For the treatment of articular cartilage injury is also extremely limited, there are certain treatment misconceptions, which have many more contradictory views and arguments, now on the above views to do the relevant summary in order to provide reference for everyone in the future work and life: articular cartilage damage is difficult to reverse, what is the significance of clinical treatment in a long time articular cartilage due to its more mature differentiation, together with nerve cells and myocardium are This has made the clinical treatment of articular cartilage injury less aggressive, and most of the treatment is symptomatic and clinically ineffective. However, with the further understanding of the mechanism of articular cartilage injury, it is now believed that behavioral therapy with moderate functional rehabilitation training and medication can greatly reduce or delay the onset and course of articular cartilage injury, and surgical treatment as the end-stage treatment of articular cartilage injury also has a very positive significance and can greatly improve the quality of life of patients. Articular cartilage injury how to early detection, early diagnosis Articular cartilage injury how to early detection, early diagnosis and treatment according to the location and degree of injury, the clinical manifestations of articular cartilage injury also varies, in China, especially in some of the less developed areas of living standards of manual workers, the incidence of osteoarthrosis has been higher, the main reason for this is because the long-term high load conditions of the weight-bearing joint activities exacerbated by the lower limbs The wear and tear of the weight-bearing joints and the joints of the dominant limb is beyond the compensatory range. Some middle-aged and elderly people who enjoy sports activities and professional athletes may also experience increased joint wear due to physical activity. The above-mentioned history of joint overload behavior is an important basis for the diagnosis of articular cartilage injury, in addition, some patients have repeated joint soreness and fatigue, which is aggravated by physical activity and improves soon after rest. Early detection and diagnosis of articular cartilage damage can greatly reduce or even prevent irreversible damage and slow down joint aging. The International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) classifies articular cartilage damage into five levels, from 0 to 4, depending on the degree of damage, representing basic normal cartilage to severe abnormal cartilage. The former aims to control patients’ symptoms, relieve pain, improve quality of life but not to organize the development of inflammatory lesions in articular cartilage, while the latter aims to provide exogenous matrix for articular cartilage repair, delay the occurrence and development of inflammatory lesions in the joint and promote cartilage The purpose of the latter is to provide exogenous matrix for articular cartilage repair, delay the onset and development of arthritic lesions and promote cartilage repair. However, in the actual clinical application of sports rehabilitation and the maintenance of a correct and reasonable lifestyle and behavior is particularly important: correct and reasonable physical therapy can reduce weight, reduce the load on the articular cartilage, increase the strength of the muscles around the joint and the flexibility and range of motion of the joint, making it more stable without losing flexibility and avoiding joint stiffness, while insufficient exercise can lead to atrophy of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Atrophy of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. At the same time muscle training and in daily life, work, labor to avoid long-term pressure load on single joints, weight-bearing joints, if necessary, the use of walkers, crutches, braces and other devices can also achieve better results than simple drug therapy. What kind of patients with articular cartilage injuries require surgical treatment? For patients whose injury has progressed to total or near total articular cartilage, cracking or small-scale cartilage debridement without extensive cartilage loss, and who have no significant changes in the weight line of the lower extremity joint, arthroscopic debridement of the joint cavity to remove inflammatory synovial membrane and cartilage debris, and degenerative tissue can interrupt the chain of cartilage inflammatory damage. Arthroscopic microfracture or microdrilling can also be performed, which is a technique that introduces subchondral bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and other cytokines into the area of articular cartilage injury to promote cartilage injury repair. For end-stage cartilage injuries that have progressed to osteoarthritis, artificial joint replacement has been a more effective and thorough treatment. Although there are controversies regarding the timing, modality, prosthesis selection, and intraoperative and postoperative complications, it is the best option to rapidly improve joint function, remove pain, improve periarticular muscle balance, and improve the patient’s quality of life. Other new advances in the treatment of articular cartilage injury With further understanding of the mechanisms of cartilage injury, it is now mostly believed that factors such as metalloproteinases, nitric oxide, collagenase, prostaglandins, etc. are involved in the development of the injury. The use of macroscopic tissue engineering materials for cartilage repair is now more mature and has been applied in small-scale clinical studies. This needs to be further investigated. In summary, articular cartilage injury is a disease with a wide prevalence and a large impact on human life treatment, especially on motor function. Early diagnosis and effective treatment, establishing a correct attitude to life and maintaining good habits of life, behavior and exercise are often very effective in improving the disease and slowing down joint wear and aging. Cytokine therapy and tissue engineering material repair may be an important bridge between conservative and surgical treatment in the future, which will greatly improve the effectiveness of personalized treatment.