Cotton dust disease is an obstructive respiratory disease with characteristic tightness in the chest or chest tightness and shortness of breath caused by long-term exposure to cotton, flax, soft hemp and other plant-based dust operations with acute decreased ventilatory function. Long-term recurrent attacks of cotton dust disease can lead to chronic lung function damage. The onset of cotton dust disease is generally more than 10 years of work experience. Certain cotton popping, felt factories due to the poor quality of cotton, dust concentration, the onset of the disease can also be in about 4 years. The fever caused by the first exposure to cotton and linen and other plant dust is called “cotton fever” and “weaver’s cough”. The typical respiratory symptoms of cotton dust disease are tightness in the chest, but the workers’ complaints may vary, such as chest tightness, chest pressure, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, breath-holding, etc., reduced at work and increased after work. When the above symptoms appear, they should promptly visit the occupational disease department for pre-shift and post-shift pulmonary function tests, and if there is a decrease in the first second force spirometry FEV1.0, a diagnosis should be made. Workers should undergo occupational health examination before starting work. Active tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diseases with impaired lung function are not suitable for cotton dust work. If coughing, coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, fever and other symptoms occur repeatedly during the work period, the worker should go to an occupational disease specialist and have a pre-shift and post-shift pulmonary function test to determine whether he/she is suffering from cotton dust disease. Workers should undergo occupational health checkups during and after work.