Pituitary microadenomas are mainly pituitary adenomas that are less than 1 cm in diameter grossly morphologically. Because of its small size, the diagnosis of pituitary microadenoma is mainly based on magnetic resonance imaging as the gold standard, with the need for adjuvant endocrinological tests. The treatment of pituitary microadenoma is determined by the nature of the pituitary tumor. In case of lactating pituitary adenoma, oral bromocriptine can be considered for treatment, however, dynamic monitoring of MRI and prolactin levels is required during the course of medication to assess the treatment effect. This is because drug therapy alone cannot eliminate the tumor and may cause associated symptoms to appear after discontinuation of the drug. For patients who develop symptoms, radiation therapy may be considered. Radiation therapy is mainly indicated for pituitary tumors that are difficult to remove surgically or may recur, and surgical treatment may also be considered.