One plus positive urine protein may be caused by physiological factors or pathological factors. Physiological factors are those that can cause a temporary increase in the permeability of the kidney’s filtration membrane. For example, if the patient had a fever before the urine test, or stayed up late the day before, or played basketball or soccer and other strenuous exercise caused positive urine protein, the problem is not serious. The urine protein can be turned negative with dynamic observation. There are also diseases caused by the pathological urine protein, is a variety of nephritis, including primary nephritis and secondary nephritis. Primary nephritis includes acute nephritis and chronic nephritis, while secondary nephritis includes hepatitis B virus-associated nephritis, lupus nephritis, purpura nephritis and so on. The causes of these diseases are different and the treatments are also different and need to be specifically identified.