1.What is colorectal polyp?
Colorectal polyps are elevated lesions on the surface of the colorectal mucosa. Polyps are likely to become cancerous, and it is only a matter of time before adenomatous polyps become cancerous.
Papillary polyps Hemispherical polyps
Flat polyps Polyps with tips
2. What is colorectal polyposis?
Colorectal polyposis refers to patients with more than 100 polyps in the colorectum. Common polyposis includes familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP); dark spot polyp syndrome (Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome), etc.
FAP colonoscopic presentation FAP colonoscopic presentation
FAP surgical specimen
P-J syndrome oral and buccal mucosa manifestation P-J syndrome palmoplantar manifestation
P-J syndrome surgical specimen
3.What types of colorectal polyps are there?
Commonly, there are inflammatory polyps, hyperplastic polyps, malignant polyps, adenomatous polyps and so on. Among them, adenomatous polyps are divided into tubular adenoma, tubular villous adenoma, villous adenoma and serrated adenoma.
4.What is the relationship between colorectal polyps and intestinal cancer?
Colorectal polyp is a precancerous manifestation of intestinal cancer, most of colorectal polyps will become cancerous, among which adenomatous polyps are the most common, the cancer process starts from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (mild atypical hyperplasia), gradually evolves into high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (severe atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ), and finally develops into intestinal cancer.
5.Why do polyps grow?
Colorectal polyps may be related to genetics, age, diet (high protein, high fat, spicy diet), smoking, alcohol abuse and other factors. People with a family history of bowel cancer or intestinal polyps have a higher incidence. The older the age, the higher the incidence rate.
6.How to treat colorectal polyps?
Colorectal polyps, once found, should be under the guidance of a surgeon for standardized surgical treatment.
7.What are the surgical treatments for colorectal polyps?
① Smaller polyps with tips can be removed endoscopically;
② Larger polyps, polyps with a wide base, polyps without a tip, flat polyps, which are difficult to remove endoscopically, can be treated by minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery;
③ Colorectal polyps that have been resected endoscopically, if they have become cancerous, they need to be treated surgically as intestinal cancer;
④ For patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, once diagnosed, radical surgery should be performed, otherwise it will definitely develop into colorectal cancer within a few years.
8.Will colorectal polyps recur and will they metastasize?
① All colorectal polyps still have the risk of recurrence after resection;
② No metastasis will occur for colorectal polyps without cancer;
③ there is a possibility of metastasis of colorectal polyps with cancer.
9.How to prevent colorectal polyps?
Quit smoking, limit alcohol, high fiber diet (fruits, vegetables), regular physical examination for people over 50 years old and people with family history of intestinal cancer or intestinal polyps should also have regular physical examination and colonoscopy.
10.What should patients with colorectal polyps pay attention to?
Lifelong follow-up and regular review to avoid the risk of cancer.