Generally speaking, the main cause of postoperative back pain is damage to the muscles and ligaments of the lower back. For general gynecological surgery, such as adnexal mass, uterine fibroids, ectopic pregnancy, etc., the commonly used anesthesia is intralesional anesthesia, commonly known as “semi-anesthesia”, which is administered behind the waist, and the puncture needle has to pass through the muscles and ligaments of the lower back. The incidence of low back pain after intralesional anesthesia is about 2% to 5%. In addition, uterine and adnexal surgery is pelvic surgery, and the surgical site is often exposed by retractors during surgery, and the placement of retractors may also lead to low back pain. In addition, improper lying posture during surgery may also lead to low back pain. The incidence of the above three types of postoperative low back pain can be reduced, and prevention can focus on three aspects: 1, appropriate pillow when lying down during surgery: put a thin pillow (5cm thick) behind the patient’s head when lying down during surgery to relax the neck muscles; at the lumbar back, a thin pillow should also be placed behind the knee joint to maintain normal bending when lying down and avoid abnormal pulling. 2, choose a satisfactory anesthesia method: female patients are usually prone to low back pain, the choice of anesthesia method that should be taken into account, if necessary, consider choosing general anesthesia, to avoid anesthesia puncture brought about by the ligaments of the lumbar back injury, aggravating the back pain. 3, prevention of post-operative low back pain also need to pay attention to care when returning to the ward after surgery: in addition to increasing the thin padded pillow, the necessary turning can also relieve muscle stretching, fatigue, reduce pain. In addition, it is possible to get out of bed early to prevent postural strain. Some patients with persistent low back pain may receive physical therapy, such as infrared light irradiation, magnetic therapy, iontophoresis, heat therapy, etc., in addition to pain relievers, to promote early recovery.