Should we operate for funnel chest or not

  Funnel chest is a common thoracic deformity in children, with an incidence of 0.15% to 0.42%. Due to the shortening of the anterior and posterior diameter of the chest cavity, the heart and lungs are compressed, affecting the respiratory and circulatory functions, resulting in reduced lung capacity, respiratory difficulties, and recurrent respiratory infections. Surgery is not recommended. At the same time, surgery is safe and effective for older patients with funnel chest. After surgery, the patient’s symptoms are relieved, the amount of activity is significantly increased, and the heart compression and appearance are significantly improved. With a modified surgical approach, the postoperative results are satisfactory, the plate fixation is stable, and the pain is manageable. It is more widely performed clinically. The procedure is now mostly done minimally invasively under thoracoscopy. The disadvantages are that the older the patient is, the more uncertain the surgical result is, the more complications there are, and the plate needed for the surgery is usually self-financed.  Indications for surgery: The age of surgery should be >2 years old, and the best age is 4-12 years old.