1.What is hair transplantation? Hair transplantation refers to the surgical redistribution of some hairs from the dominant donor area (occipital region) of the autologous scalp to the area of hair loss. Hair transplantation does not increase the total amount of hair, but redistributes the hair for cosmetic purposes. 2.What kind of patients are suitable for hair transplantation? (1) Patients with seborrheic alopecia (i.e. androgenic alopecia). (2) Patients with scarring alopecia, including hair loss caused by surgery, trauma and burns. (3) Infectious alopecia: hair loss caused by infections such as boils and carbuncles. (4) Post-surgical alopecia: hair loss caused by surgical procedures such as tumor removal and wrinkle removal surgery. (5) Eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, pubic hair, chest hair missing or thinning due to various reasons. (6) Hairline reshaping, beauty tip reconstruction and eyebrow and eyelash encryption for cosmetic purposes. 3.What is the surgical principle of hair transplantation? Hair transplantation is widely carried out because of the following three theoretical bases: (1) The theory of the advantage of hair transplantation donor area: occipital hairs are not regulated by androgens and generally do not fall out. Because of the establishment of this theory, hair transplantation for androgenic alopecia has gained theoretical support. (2) The density of normal hair is much greater than the density distinguished by the human eye, and it is still possible to achieve the effect of “thick hair” if it is evenly distributed with less than the normal number of hairs. (3) The aesthetic effect of hair is closely related to the forehead hairline, and a good hairline can partially satisfy the patient’s demand for “thick hair” psychologically. The current state-of-the-art technology can divide the hair in the donor area into individual follicular units, or even into single hairs for transplantation. Due to the small size of the graft, the transplanted hair follicles are able to receive sufficient nutrition from the surrounding tissues to survive. Therefore, the follicular unit transplantation technique, which uses a single follicular unit as the graft, can guarantee the survival of more than 95% of the grafts. 4.What effect can hair transplantation achieve? Through delicate surgical operation, natural hair will grow back to the bald area. The hair follicles after transplantation still retain the qualities of their donor follicles and will not fall out for life. The hair that grows will need to be trimmed regularly, just like normal hair. The transplanted hair starts to fall out two weeks after the surgery, and new hair grows one after another 3-4 months after the surgery, about 1cm per month, and it takes 9 months after the surgery to show the full cosmetic effect. 5.Can the transplanted hair reach the normal density through one operation? The density of hair transplantation cannot reach the normal hair density for the following reasons: (1) The hair transplantation technique itself does not create new hair follicles and does not increase the total amount of hair, but only redistributes the hairs. If there are fewer hair sources available for transplantation, it will limit the number of hair transplants. (2) The transplanted hair follicles need to be fed by the surrounding blood in order to be viable, and the transplantation area needs to be perforated before transplantation, this operation will disrupt the local blood circulation, if the perforation is too dense, the local blood circulation will be severely disrupted and the hair follicles will not be easily viable. (3) The common technique of hair transplantation is to cut the flap in the donor area, generally speaking, if the width of one cut is more than 2 or 5cm, it is more difficult to pull together the suture directly. The tension after suturing is higher and the scar formed is more obvious. Therefore, the number of hairs that can be transplanted in one supply is somewhat limited. 6, how to choose the right hair transplantation method for you Hair transplantation technology is to transplant your own hair follicles to the hair loss area to improve the appearance of the effect. The hair graft is called a hair germ and can be classified according to the number of hairs it contains: (1) micro hair germ, containing 1-2 hairs; (2) small hair germ, containing 3-5 hairs; (3) large or standard hair germ, generally containing more than 6-7 hairs. Different transplantation methods are needed for different patients with hair loss, depending on the area of baldness, the area of the occipital hair source and the density of the hair, and the degree of post-operative results required by the patient. In general, micro hair graft (containing 1 hair) is applied to the forehead hairline, eyebrows and beard, and small hair graft is applied to the forehead and top behind the hairline. The purpose of hair transplantation is to improve the appearance, and the frontal view of the patient is the most often seen by himself and others, the top of the head is less often seen, especially for patients with taller stature, therefore, the first problem to be solved is the reconstruction of the hairline, followed by the reconstruction of the frontal hairs behind the hairline, these two parts are the frontal visible to the person, for patients with large balding area and relatively small hair source, limited For patients with large balding area and relatively small hair source, limited hair should be transplanted in these two areas first, to ensure the density of hair in these two areas, and the top can be appropriately reduced. For patients with fewer and less hair sources, micro hair grafting can be chosen, or even all micro hair grafting containing only 1 hair can be applied, which can increase the transplant units and relatively increase the hair density to achieve the ideal appearance. The density of normal hair is much higher than the need to meet the appearance, although the density of transplanted hair can not reach the normal hair density, but after the operation can completely achieve the beautiful effect. 7.What is the most advanced international hair transplantation technology? There are two methods to obtain hair follicles, one is to cut a piece of scalp from the occipital area, and then divide the whole scalp into tiny hair follicle transplant units, and the donor area is directly sutured. The other is to apply special instruments to extract the follicular transplant units (FUE) individually, without cutting the whole scalp and without suturing. There are also two methods of implanting hair follicles, one is to apply a special blade to form a fissure in the scalp and then implant the hair follicles. The other is to apply a hair transplant needle to implant the hair follicles directly. 8.How patients cooperate with the surgery The success of the surgery is closely related to the cooperation between doctors and patients. Therefore, the patient should actively cooperate with the doctor to complete the surgery. In addition to good communication with the doctor before the surgery, the patient should also tell the doctor whether he/she has any major diseases (such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, epilepsy, etc.), what medications he/she is taking, whether he/she has ever had more than one bleeding, and whether he/she has a history of drug and food allergies. And read the surgery consent form carefully, know the risks of surgery, and look at the results of surgery wisely. 9.What does the patient feel during the whole operation and post-operation recovery period? Hair transplantation surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia, and there will be slight pain when the anesthetic drug is injected. The surgery takes a long time, so if you feel uncomfortable holding a position for a long time, you can change your position and rest. Patients can listen to music, watch TV and read books during the surgery. After the surgery, there will be a slight swelling and a short period of pain in the area, generally no need to take painkillers, the swelling and pain will disappear within a week. Generally speaking, the density of hair transplanted in one operation is smaller than the density of normal hair, but the density of normal hair is much greater than the density distinguished by the human eye, and it is still possible to achieve the effect of “thick hair” if it is evenly distributed with less than the normal number of hairs. Therefore, if there is enough hair in the donor area, a single surgery can basically achieve better results. The need for this surgery is determined by the patient’s specific situation. 11. How to ensure the survival rate of hair transplantation When it comes to the survival rate of hair transplantation, it is important to understand how the hair is revived after being transplanted. The hair follicle contains many cells that continue to proliferate and have a very active metabolism, requiring a large amount of nutrients to meet the needs of continuous hair growth. These nutrients are delivered to the hair follicle cells through the blood circulation. Therefore, hair follicles are very sensitive to ischemia. Hair loss or even follicular necrosis can occur when the follicle is deprived of blood. The transplanted hair follicles must be implanted in the balding area in the shortest possible time and draw nutrients from the balding area in order to become viable. Protecting the follicles during surgery is a key measure to ensure the survival rate of the transplant. Protection of the hair follicle includes the following: 1. No mechanical damage to the hair follicle. In the process of cutting the scalp from the occipital donor area, cutting and implanting hair follicles in hair transplant units, there is a risk of mechanical damage to the hair follicles if the operation is not done carefully. Therefore, fine, accurate, fast, patient and skillful operation can maximize the protection of hair follicles from damage. 2. prevent ischemic injury. After the scalp of the donor area is cut down, the hair follicle is temporarily interrupted the blood circulation, such as more than a certain time (4 hours), then part of the hair follicle will be necrosis because of ischemia. Keeping the hair follicle graft in a cold environment (1-4°C) during the operation can enhance the ability of the hair follicle to tolerate ischemia. Multiple people (4-6 people) operating skillfully at the same time can greatly speed up the procedure, which can shorten the ischemic time of hair follicles and increase the survival rate.3. Before transplanting hair follicles, holes need to be punched in the transplantation area, and this operation will destroy the local blood circulation, if the holes are too dense, the local blood circulation will be severely damaged, and the hair follicles will not be easy to survive. Therefore, attention to control the transplant density is also the key to ensure the survival rate. The application of hair transplantation needles can reduce the damage to the blood circulation in the balding area, but hair transplantation needles are only used for single hair follicle transplantation, which is technically demanding. As hair transplant professionals, we always keep in mind that hair follicles are not renewable and must treat each hair follicle of patients seriously and never waste patients’ precious hair follicle resources. Patients cherish every hair they have, and we must cherish every hair follicle of our patients. Maintaining a high degree of responsibility during surgery is the most critical factor in ensuring the survival of transplanted hair follicles. 12.Psychological characteristics of hair loss and baldness patients More than 1/4 of men over 20 years old in China have hair loss of different degrees, about 40% of men in their 40s have hair loss, and the incidence of hair loss in men in their 50s is about 50%. The psychological pressure of unmarried men with hair loss is very high, they feel that they look old, their appearance to women lack of attractiveness, 70% of respondents think that hair loss will affect the choice of a spouse. 61% of people think that hair loss will increase the difficulty of finding a job, while older men think that hair loss indicates the beginning of aging, psychologically very fearful, the past vigorous career gradually decline, the work seems to lack the self-confidence of the year. In fact, this is all a mental role, the correct understanding of the causes of hair loss and appropriate treatment is the key to solving the problem. 13.How to correctly understand hair loss and baldness? A survey shows that 51% of male alopecia patients do not undergo any formal treatment for the following reasons: (1) they think that hair loss is “natural” genetic and there is no medicine for it; (2) they think that hair loss does not affect them much and let nature take its course; (3) they are influenced by advertisements and only turn to ” (3) Influenced by advertisements, only resort to “hair growth water” and so on. At present, the causes of hair loss are: baldness, androgenetic alopecia, scarring alopecia, polycystic ovary syndrome, endocrine-derived diffuse alopecia, infection and parasitic hair and scalp diseases. A part of patients can grow back thick hair completely by medication, but patients should have enough confidence and insist on cooperating with doctors. For hair loss that is not treated with medication, the balding area can be made to grow back thick hair through surgery. In short, the current medical level is fully capable of saving hair loss patients from the pain of hair loss. 14, hair transplantation preoperative evaluation: comprehensive assessment of hair nature: before surgery, the patient’s hair thickness, color, texture, curl or not and other factors must be carefully assessed. These factors will directly affect the post-operative results. For example, curly hair is more suitable for transplantation than straight hair because curly hair can cover a larger scalp area: furthermore, the smaller the contrast between hair color and scalp color, the better the cosmetic effect, so it is more difficult to do hair transplantation in patients with dark hair and white skin. The same amount of hair, the thicker the diameter, the thicker the appearance appears, so the diameter of the patient’s hair shaft should be measured beforehand to determine the amount of hair transplantation. Correct evaluation of the donor and recipient areas for hair transplantation: Special equipment is applied to measure the density of hair in the donor area and calculate the bald area to ensure accurate extraction and save precious hair resources. Routine preoperative evaluation and examination: Since hair transplantation is time-consuming, the health status of each organ system of the patient should be clarified before surgery. If there are underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, they need to be well treated before surgery.